The Fire Mark Circle

Fire Insurance Marks


Before 1800 the naming of streets in our cities and towns was rather haphazard, and the houses and other buildings in these streets were neither named nor numbered as they are today. Signs and emblems were used by traders and inn-keepers to denote their occupation and to draw attention to their premises, but private houses were not as easy to identify and it was often difficult for persons who did not live in the immediate vicinity to locate a particular house.
When insuring a property against risk of fire, it was neccessary that the company's officials and firemen should be able to identify an insured property immediately, and so it became the practice for each insurance company to adopt a distinctive emblem for its own use, which was displayed on metal signs fixed to the wall of each property insured; this emblem usually appeared at the head of the company's insurance policies and other documents. Many of these wall marks were made of lead, cast in a mould and the number of the policy covering the particular property was stamped on a panel the design with number dies. Royal Exchange Assurance
The marks of each company varied in shape and size, and most were brightly coloured, usually affixed to the front of the building insured, at such a height from the ground as to be both easily visible and beyond the reach of pilferers. In the late eighteenth century there was a sharp rise in the price of lead and the companies began to use thin sheets of copper and other metals in the manufacture of their marks, on which the design was pressed out. As properties became easier to identify, the practice of impressing or painting the policy number on marks gradually came to an end.
Royal Insurance Co. In the early days of fire insurance, companies made it a practice to remove their marks from a property when the policy lapsed, and as a result the marks of some companies, particularly those with early polic numbers on them, are very scarce. Some small companies issued only a few of their marks before going into liquidation or being taken over by one of their more successful rivals. demolition of properties through the centuries and bomb destruction during the Second World War also took their toll and have added to the rarity of these old fire insurance marks.

The 'Bible'.
Reproduced, with permission, from the book
'The British Fire Mark 1680-1879' by Brian Wright.


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